Gracious Living - Victorian Life:
The Language of the Fan

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The Secret Language of the Fan
By Jane Marie

 

fan in Musee d'Orsay

fan in the Musée d'Orsay

 

 

The Hand Fan Speaks

There is a Language of Flowers that was very popular in Victorian times.  Back then, individual species of flowers had different meanings when given and received.  Curiously, the hand fan can also speak to us, but few know this language because it is rarely practiced today.

Why?  It’s certainly not because the gestures aren’t graceful.  Simply, times changed in the early 20th century.  Women just didn’t have enough hands to carry a purse, a cigarette (!), a glass of wine and a fan.  Something had to give and sadly, for lovers of gracious things, it was the fan. 

History of the Hand Fan

Although fans were first used in Asia at the beginning of the 6th century, their use was gradually constrained by strict rules of etiquette and ceremony.

During the Elizabethan era, from 1558 to 1603, both men and women in Europe practiced a secret language of fanology whereby they could converse without speaking.  The alphabet of the fan made it possible to spell out where a clandestine meeting might take place.  The number of fan blades displayed might suggest the time.

As the world spun into the 18th century, fashionable men could be seen carrying fans.  However, instead of the floral or cherub or ribbon fan adornments favored by ladies, men's fans were decorated with insects and outdoor scenes.  Perhaps the rules of a game or words to a poem for a recital might be hand printed on the back.  Sometimes the front, instead of bearing a pastoral scene, might have a religious picture and a listing of holy days or saints.  Advertisements or song lyrics were also displayed.

Queen Victoria and her contemporaries loved fans.  However, the queen found it none too appealing to see a man fanning himself and let this be known when she reigned over Great Britain in the 19th century.  Fans promptly fell out of favor for gentlemen, and that sharp snapping sound when the fan is opened with one hand became a province restricted to women.

 

click on the photos of Jane Marie's original fan pillow and fan quilt to enlarge them

 

Antique collectors treasure fans of all shapes, sizes and materials.  Quilt makers often use the pleated fan shape in their crafts.  Today’s manufactured fans are often lightweight cardboard and can be found in funeral parlors (air conditioned or not) or with radio or television advertising on them.  They are passed out at our very own Amelia Island Isle of Eight Flags Shrimp Festival held every May. 

 

Samples of the Language of Fans

The Gesture

The Meaning

   

a closed fan dangling from the left hand

I’m engaged.

   
a closed fan dangling from the right hand means I want to be engaged.
   
fanning very slowly I am married.
   
dropping the fan to the floor I belong to you alone.
   
quickly fanning oneself I love you so very much.
   
hiding one's eyes behind the fan I love you.
   
a woman appearing on a balcony while slowly fanning herself and then returning inside, closing the door behind her I can not go out.
   

if a woman appears on a balcony and fans herself quickly, then returns inside but leaves the door open

I shall go out very soon.
   
moving the fan back and forth between hands  I’ve seen you look at another.
   

fanning with the left hand

Don’t you dare flirt with another woman.
   
 closing the fan quickly I am jealous.
   
placing the fan over one's heart My heart is breaking with love for you.
   
closely examining a decorated fan I like you.
   
abrupt, threatening gestures with a closed fan Do not be careless or hasty.
   
touching the fan to the right cheek Yes.
   

touching the fan to the left cheek

No.
   

covering the left ear with an open fan

Don’t betray our trust or our secret.
   
opening the fan as fully as possible Please, wait for me.
   
the fan in the right hand, placed in front of the face Follow me.
   
spinning the fan in the left hand We are being watched.
   
slowly pulling a fan across one's eyes I’m sorry.
   
opening and closing the fan very quickly You are mean.
   

placing the fan handle to the lips

or

a half-opened fan pressed to the mouth.

Kiss me.
   
gently touching one finger to the edge of the fan I need to speak to you.
   
closing an open fan very slowly I promise to be marry you.

 

As you can see, small fan gestures could change a life!  How exciting and how easy the possibility for intrigue, purposeful and / or misinterpreted.  It’s no wonder historic romance novels are written and read by lovers of such things.  To that end, I’ve wrote The Goodbye Lie where men and women in 1882 Florida live and thrive among this kind of maneuvering. 

 800+ pages

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Martha Bear with fan

click on the photo of Martha Bear® with her fan to enlarge it

 

 

Professor Sophie Gee wrote up her research as a romance featuring the poet Alexander Pope and the stylish set of London at the end of Queen Anne's reign.  If you're up on your literature, you'll know what's coming, but you'll read through to the end for enjoyment.  Nancy

Every Girl's Duty is the edited diary of Victorian debutante Alice Miles.  Commentator / editor Maggy Parsons has done an outstanding job of introducing, investigating and explaining Alice, who was anything but a shy miss.  To quote Alice, "I consider it every girl's duty to marry £80,000 a year."   Nancy

 

 

"The almighty dollar will buy, you bet, a superior class of coronet."  The American Girl, an Edwardian musical

In Gilded Cage, by Marian Fowler, is a very readable account of five American heiresses who married English dukes during the Victorian era.  Although I had trouble getting past the 7 1/2 foot rope of diamonds worn by Alva Vanderbilt, mother of Consuelo, duchess of Marlborough, I was enthralled by the stories of these women who were sold for titles.  Nancy

"Her eye of light is the diamond bright, her innocence the pearl, and those are the bridal gems that are worn by the American girl."  from the poem The American Girl in The Young Lady's Offereings [sic]

 

 

If a book you're looking for is out of print, click on any link to Amazon Books Home Page, Amazon.ca, Amazon.co.uk, or Alibris to find out if it is available as a used book.

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